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Notes On Arthur Frederick Bennett (1871-1937)

Arthur Frederick Bennett (16 September 1871 - 14 May 1937), FRAS, MICE [1], MINA [2], was the son of John Bennett, a ship owner of Goole, Yorkshire. He began his working career apprenticed to Messrs Earles' Shipbuilding & Engineering Company at Hull. In 1902, he left Earles' and became general manager of Messrs Willans & Robinson Ltd at Rugby. In 1921, the firm amalgamated with the English Electric Company, Ltd and Bennett left, joining Richard Garrett & Son, Ltd at Leiston, Suffolk as general manager and a director. (He remained with the firm until it went into receivership in 1932.) His colleagues at Willans & Robinson presented him, on departure, with a 3" Watson refractor and this appears to be what stimulated his interest in astronomy.

Membership Of Astronomical Societies

Bennett became a member of the BAA (British Astronomical Association), the RAS (Royal Astronomical Society) and the ASP (Astronomical Society of the Pacific). He was an active member and office-holder of the BAA and there is therefore a good historical record of his activities in the JBAA (Journal of the BAA). He submitted annual reports to the RAS (and a report on the transit of Mercury of 1927) and these appeared in MNRAS (Monthly Notices of the RAS). The details below are based largely on material in JBAA and MNRAS.


BAA

On 28 June 1922, Bennett was elected a member of the BAA, proposed by Alice Grace Cook, seconded by J P M Prentice [3, 4]. (Cook and Prentice were BAA members living in Suffolk.) Bennett was a very active member of the BAA, attending and speaking at many meetings (details below). In 1926, he was co-opted onto the Council of the BAA [16]. At the BAA AGM on 28 October 1931 [49, 50], he was appointed Treasurer. He served until 1933, stepping down at the AGM on 25 October of the year, being succeeded by Rev Dr Martin Davidson [57, 66]. On retiring as Treasurer, he held office as a vice-president for a year [67, 74]. When, in 1936, Davidson was elected President, Bennett again served as Treasurer [97], remaining in post until his death the following year.

Having been proposed and seconded as a member of the BAA by two members from Suffolk, Bennett perhaps felt it his duty to encourage others from East Anglia to join the Association. The individuals whom he proposed or seconded for membership are listed below: more than half were from the region.

1932 Proposed Emily Loweman, Post Office, Little Glemham, Near Woodbridge, Suffolk [58] and seconded James Patrick Murray Cables, 26 Dacre Park, London, SE13 [59].

1933 Seconded Oswald D Macnamara, 2 St. George's Road, Bedford [64].

1934 Proposed Harold Charles Woodhead, Oxford Road, Leafield, Oxford [79].

1935 Proposed Harry Bulkeley Creswell, 7 Heath Mansions, Hampstead, NW3 [87].

1936 Seconded Henry Ernest Kersey, FRAS, 10 St. Nicholas Street, Ipswich [94].

1937 Proposed Herbert Hudson, Great Ruffins, Wickham Bishops, Essex [96].


RAS

On 13 February 1925, Bennett was elected a fellow of the RAS.


ASP

On 26 February 1929, Bennett was nominated a life member of the ASP [33].

Equipment and Observing

Bennett observed primarily from his home observatory at Leiston, Suffolk. His equipment [101] included the 3" Watson refractor that he had been gifted, an equatorially mounted, driven, 6" Cooke refractor, a solar prominence spectroscope and two cameras each fitted with a 19.5" focal length, f5.8 Watson "aviation" lens and 5x4" photographic plate [20, 31]. The following images show his observatory. The middle image appears to show a projection eyepiece spectroscope (an instrument which he is known to have owned) attached to the Cooke refractor. The rightmost image shows an observer, possibly Bennett - although this is not confirmed, at the eyepiece of the Cooke refractor. (See below and also [110] for further information on the images and related material.)

AFB_obs_1.jpg

AFB_obs_2.jpg

AFB_obs_3.jpg

His main subject of observation was the Sun and, in particular, spectroscopic studies of prominences, and in this he collaborated with the director of the BAA Solar Section, A M Newbegin, and others. In 1927, he mounted the cameras on the Cooke refractor (so that they would track the motion of the heavens) and used them to search for comets, asteroids and other faint objects including, in 1930, the recently-discovered Pluto [31, 41, 52]. Following an exceptionally dry summer in 1929, he had to adjust the mounting of the Cooke refractor as its alignment had been affected by subsidence of its concrete foundations [46]. In 1930 he obtained a precision clock for the observatory, and used it to time occultations [52]. (The clock appears to have been a Synchronome electric clock [98].) He also observed, or attempted to observe, other objects and phenomena, including planets, the transits of Mercury of 1924 and 1927, novae, lunar occultations, lunar eclipses, comets, aurorae and meteors. His more noteworthy observations are summarised below.


Solar

The earliest record of Bennett submitting solar observations to the BAA is at a meeting on 28 April 1926 [11] when he exhibited drawings of prominences and sunspots. The 1926 annual report of the BAA Solar Section [14] noted that Bennett and A M Newbegin, Director of the Section, had reported many spectroscopic observations of sunspots and prominences, recording very interesting details. Unfortunately, the Section report for the following year [21] noted that the pair had continued their observations of prominences but that poor weather had resulted in considerable gaps in the record; indeed, in his report to the RAS for 1927 [31], Bennett commented on the exceptional number of nights in the year which had been completely overcast and, at the 25 January 1928 ordinary general meeting of the BAA [25], Mr Newton of the Royal Greenwich Observatory noted that Bennett and other observers of prominences had found 1927 disappointing.

In 1928, the weather appeared to improve and Section reports [28, 30] noted that Bennett had again maintained his observations of prominences, and that he had observed large disturbances on the limb, each occupying many degrees of circumference, on 08, 09, 11, 14 and 16 July of the year.

The Section 1929 report [38] noted that Bennett had continued observing prominences and sunspots, making drawings and taking photographs when possible. At a BAA meeting on 27 February 1929 [34], Mr F J Sellers (who went on to become Director of the Solar Section in 1937) gave an account of a great prominence seen on 19 January of the year. Bennett, somewhat underwhelmed, retorted that the only remarkable aspect of the prominence had been the speed with which it had broken up! Later in the year, at a BAA meeting on 27 November [39], Bennett complimented Newbegin on the quality of his spectroscopic observations of sunspots and then read his paper entitled A Spectroscopic Method of Determining the Times of Contact in the Case of a Solar Eclipse [40]. In the paper, he proposed to employ a spectroscope with a curved slit, aligned so that a bright spectral line of the chromosphere, e.g. Hα, lay along the edge of the slit, and to observe and time the instant when the limb of the Moon obliterated the middle of the bright line.

The year 1929 appeared to mark a high point of solar activity for Bennett, and for a few years subsequently he appears to have been less active as a solar observer; his next appearance in JBAA [48] in relation to solar observing is at the 24 June 1931 BAA meeting discussing arrangements for observing the solar total eclipse visible in the USA in 1932 and later in a discussion provoked by an exhibition of slides of solar prominences.

At a BAA meeting on 29 June 1932 [56], Bennett, Newbegin and Sellers discussed and showed images of a major and very active prominence that they had independently observed on the east limb on 16 June. Once more, there appeared to be slight disagreement between Bennett and Sellers, on this occasion in relation to the size of the feature.


Solar Eclipse, 29 June 1927

A solar total eclipse occurred on 29 June 1927, visible from northern European latitudes. Bennett was appointed to the BAA committee coordinating observing arrangements. As the eclipsed Sun would be at higher altitude and obscured for longer duration in Scandinavia than the UK, Bennett arranged for a quote from Thomas Cooke & Son Ltd for an expedition from London King's Cross to Aal, near Bergen, in Norway, to observe the event. The cost, including first class travel, accommodation, meals and gratuities was estimated [15] at between £30 to £33 10s per head! Bennett expected some American astronomers to join the BAA expedition [13]. Reminders to members interested in joining the expedition to contact Bennett without delay appeared subsequently [17, 19]. The BAA meeting on 30 March 1927, which was attended by the Astronomer Royal, Sir Frank Dyson, was devoted to discussion of how best to observe the eclipse [18] and Bennett agreed to provide advance notice to members of the BAA of any prominences that might be visible during totality. Unfortunately, the BAA report of the event [27] made it clear that Bennett, who decided to observe from the UK, had no luck. He took his 3" telescope and spectroscope to Leyburn, but was unable to make observations due to cloud.


Transits of Mercury

Two transits of Mercury took place in the 1920s, and Bennett observed the final stages of both from his home observatory using the 6" Cooke refractor (the earlier stages of both occurred with the planet below the horizon). He timed third and fourth contacts for the transits using a chronometer checked against wireless time signals.

He observed the first transit on 08-09 May 1924 [5, 6], from just before 05:00 UT until fourth contact at 05:39 UT, with the refractor stopped down to 4½". Seeing was generally good, but he noted that the margin of the planetary disk gave an impression of haziness. He witnessed the "Black Drop". He submitted sketches of the transit to the BAA; these are reproduced below. (The event was witnessed also by two other observers in Suffolk, Edward H Collinson and Basil J W Brown.)

ToM.jpg

On 10 November 1927 he observed the second transit [24, 32] in a perfectly clear sky from just before 08:00 UT until fourth contact at 08:30 UT. He used the Cooke refractor first to project an image then with a solar diagonal. The "Black Drop" phenomenon was very marked, and more clearly defined than he had witnessed three years previously.


Occultations

Reports of the BAA Computing Section and Bennett's annual reports to the RAS list his observations of occultations as below. In some cases, there are discrepancies between the reports.

1928 14 occultations [41, 44].

1929 13 occultations by the Moon and one by Mars [46].

1931 eight occultations, including three observed during a total lunar eclipse on 26 September [60].

1932 three or four occultations (references differ) [68, 69].

1933 five occultations [82].

1934 eleven or two occultations (references differ) [89, 103].

1935 six or zero occultations (references differ) [95, 103].

1936 four occultations [106].

1937 two occultations [108].

At a meeting of the BAA on 29 May 1929 [36], Bennett described observation of a lunar occultation of γ Virginis and an occultation of a magnitude 8.3 star by Mars, both occurring on the same night. (The night appears to have been 21 April 1929, and the star ZC1126 in Gemini, catalogued nowadays as Hipparcos 36161, magnitude 8.8.) For the occultation by Mars, to minimise glare, he made and fitted an occulting bar in the focal plane of a Zeiss orthoscopic eyepiece and arranged the bar to obscure all but the leading image of the planet before disappearance, and all but the trailing limb of the planet after reappearance. Several years later, in 1934, he contributed to a discussion [76] at a BAA meeting concerning the use of occulting bars.


Comets

In 1927, Bennett successfully used one of his cameras with Watson "aviation" lens to photograph Comets Stearns (1927d) and 7P Pons-Winnecke [31]. At a BAA meeting on 25 May of the year [20], he exhibited a photograph of Pons-Winnecke which he had taken on the night of 08 May. The comet was visually faint, only barely discernible in Bennett's 6" refractor, and he had used a one hour exposure to photograph it. The report of the Photographic Section in September of the year [22] noted that he and others intended to undertake systematic photography of comets.

Later, he observed Comet Wilk (1929d) [46], Comet 1932/P1 Peltier-Whipple and searched, apparently without success, for Comet 10P Temple (aka Temple 2) [69].


Nova Herculis 1934

On the night of 12 December 1934, J P Manning-Prentice discovered Nova Herculis (DQ Herculis 1934). By the end of the year, members of the BAA had submitted no less than 208 estimates of the magnitude of the object, of which Bennett contributed six [83].


Meteors

Several observers, Bennett among them, had intended to undertake a programme of telescopic observations of the 1931 Leonids but were thwarted by poor weather [54].

Other Contributions to BAA Meetings

Bennett contributed to many meetings of the BAA. Those not covered above are listed below.

Date

Meeting

Bennett's Participation

Ref.

25 February 1925

Ordinary

Requested clarification of details of a home-made interferometer described by Lawrence Richardson.

[7]

28 October 1925

AGM

Dr W H Steavenson mentioned Bennett (and others) as estimating the magnitude of a variable star / suspected nova in Aquila. (The object was later designated nova DO Aquilae 1925.) Later, in a paper [12] in the May 1926 JBAA, Steavenson again credited Bennett (among others) with magnitude estimates.

[8]

25 November 1925

Ordinary

Dr W H Steavenson reported observations of Comet Wilk-Peltier (1925k) in late 1925 which he had made together with Bennett from the latter's observatory.

[9]

31 March 1926

Ordinary

Reported sightings (by others) of an aurora from East Suffolk on 09 March 1926.

[10]

24 November 1926

Ordinary

In discussions following the reading of a paper about eyepieces, Bennett commented that he found orthoscopic eyepieces to give better planetary definition than Huyghenian. (At this meeting, it was also noted that Bennett had been co-opted onto the BAA Council.)

[16]

26 October 1927

AGM

Bennett proposed a vote of thanks to the Association auditor, Roy Suttill, noting that his task had been made more difficult due to the death of the Treasurer. (It is unlikely that Bennett could have foreseen that four years later, he would himself pick up the mantle of Treasurer!)

[23]

30 November 1927

Ordinary

Bennett first reported his observations of the 10 November 1927 transit of Mercury (details above). Then, at the end of the meeting, he engaged in a discussion about the relative merits of sable brushes and camel hair brushes for removing dust from lenses; he preferred the former.

[24]

25 February 1928

Ordinary

Joined discussion about photographing comets.

[26]

31 October 1928

AGM

Bennett proposed to retain the services of Roy Suttill as Association auditor.

[29]

27 March 1929

Ordinary

Bennett joined a discussion about reduction of places of objects on photographic plates. He enquired whether uneven drying of the emulsion could result in displacement of images and was assured that, indeed, this could be a problem, although it could be reduced by drying the plate in a uniform manner.

[35]

29 May 1929

Ordinary

Bennett spoke in support of a proposed extensive project to re-measure the rampart heights of lunar craters to determine whether there was any asymmetry on average. (Earlier in the meeting he described an observation of a lunar occultation of γ Virginis and an occultation of a magnitude 8.3 star by Mars. See above for details.)

[36]

26 June 1929

Ordinary

Contributed to a discussion on the formation of lunar craters.

[37]

01 January 1930

Ordinary

Professor Dinsmore Alter (an astronomer visiting from the University of Kansas) read a paper exploring whether the motions of the planets in their orbits affected sunspot numbers and Bennett contributed to the subsequent discussion.
Later in the meeting, H G Tomkins, exhibiting lunar photographs that he had taken with a 24" reflector, thanked Bennett for observations to confirm the existence of a feature near the limb connected with the flow of material across the lunar surface in the distant past. Bennett in turn complemented Tomkins on the quality of his astronomical work.

[42]

26 March 1930

Ordinary

In January 1930, Clyde Tombaugh, working at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, discovered Pluto, then considered the tenth planet (nowadays re-classified a dwarf planet). At the March 1930 meeting of the BAA, Mr G H Hamilton, a former employee of Flagstaff, addressed the Association about the work done there and there was discussion of the new body. Bennett was clearly concerned that what was known of it meant that it was too small and too distant to be responsible for aberrations in the motion of Uranus which had supposedly resulted in its discovery; he summarised the position, his statement being endorsed by Dr Crommelin, who had introduced Hamilton to the meeting.

[43]

29 October 1930

AGM

Bennett seconded a vote of thanks to the Chairman for his address. At the Ordinary General Meeting immediately following the AGM, Bennett retired from the Council.

[45]

25 February 1931

Ordinary

Bennett engaged in a discussion about the best way to assess the accuracy of the drive of the Association's 5" Zeiss equatorial refractor.

[47]

30 December 1931

Ordinary

Dr W H Steavenson read a paper on the dewing of optical surfaces and Bennett participated in the discussion which ensued.

[51]

24 February 1932

Ordinary

Participated in a discussion about the formation of lunar features.

[53]

27 April 1932

Ordinary

Bennett and others took part in a discussion concerning the recently-discovered "Delporte object" (Asteroid 1221 Amor, 1932 EA1) and the difficulties associated with computing its orbit caused by an apparent fading in brightness.

[55]

25 January 1933

Ordinary

Following the reading of papers, Bennett contributed to discussions on solar eclipses, precession and spectroscopy.

[61]

22 February 1933

Ordinary

Participated in a discussion about the formation of lunar craters.

[62]

29 March 1933

Ordinary

At the meeting, the Rev Dr M Davidson propounded the notion that the configuration of the planets might disturb the balance between internal and external pressure on the crust of the earth causing seismic activity. Bennett participated in the subsequent discussion. He was sceptical of the notion!

[63]

28 June 1933

Ordinary

Commented on the interest and value of an address by Miss Celia Payne, visiting speaker from Harvard College Observatory. Thanked Mr F J Sellers for a paper describing a new method of recording solar prominences.

[65]

27 December 1933

Ordinary

Contributed to discussion about computation of orbits of meteor streams following the Rev Dr M Davidson reading a paper on the subject. Later contributed to discussion about an observing chair.

[70]

31 January 1934

Ordinary

A M Newbegin read a paper concerning solar activity in the fourth quarter of 1933 and Bennett participated in the ensuing discussion. Later, E H Collinson read a paper on a meteor camera and again Bennett participated in the ensuing discussion.

[71]

28 February 1934

Ordinary

Read a paper entitled A 32-inch Reflector and its Mounting describing an instrument recently installed in the Observatoire de Paris site in Provence.

[72, 73]

25 April 1934

Association Dinner

Occupied the chair while the President, W Alfred Parr, provided a piano accompaniment for a singer.

[74]

30 May 1934

Ordinary

Participated in discussion about introduction of the 24-hour clock in the UK, at least for official business. Bennett was in favour of its introduction.

[75]

27 June 1934

Ordinary

Discussed use of a solar diagonal to reduce the light of Venus, improving definition in the eyepiece. Also discussed the most suitable forms of occulting bars (used to obscure a very bright object in the vicinity of a faint one under study).

[76]

31 October 1934

Ordinary

Paid tribute to retiring vice presidents and members of Council.

[77]

28 November 1934

Ordinary

Proposed vote of thanks to Rev T E R Philips, standing down as Director of Jupiter Section.

[80]

27 March 1935

Ordinary

Contributed to discussion on recording detail in drawings of planets.

[84]

24 April 1935

Association Dinner

Proposed toast to the guests.

[85]

26 June 1935

Ordinary

Discussion with Dr E W Brown and others concerning lunar occultations and their reduction. (Brown, President of the American Association of Variable Star Observers, was, among other things, coordinator of an extensive programme of occultation observations, aimed at revealing fluctuations in the rate of rotation of the Earth.)

[86]

27 November 1935

Ordinary

Discussion over the potential to use a prism to rotate the field of view to facilitate estimating magnitudes of variable stars.

[87]

29 April 1936

Ordinary

Discussion of the phenomena of Saturn's rings. Bennett recommended that observers seeking more information consult editions of l'Astronomie and articles in JBAA by the late Major Hepburn.

[92]

24 June 1936

Ordinary

In discussion of the solar eclipse of 19 June 1936, Bennett observed that the Moon's limb had appeared "very dark". Other observers confirmed this impression.

[93]

Location of Observatory

On joining the BAA, Bennett lived at Haylings, Leiston, Suffolk [3, 4]. He appears to have lived there until mid-1933 [81], when he moved a short distance to Goldings, also in Leiston [97]. Where exactly were the properties? A little investigation provides the answer...

In his report [5] of the 1924 transit of Mercury, Bennett gave his longitude (in time) as 0h 6m 18.0s E (equivalent to 1° 34' 30" E) and latitude as 52° 12' 2.1" N. In his reports [24, 32] of the 1927 transit, he specified the same latitude but provided longitude in degrees, giving a slightly greater resolution, of 1° 34' 30.2" E. Assuming that Bennett was quoting coordinates relative to the 1830 Airy spheroid adopted by the Ordnance Survey (although he did not state this), and using the transformation described in [109] to convert to coordinates in the frame of WGS84, enables plotting the location on Google Maps. The WGS84 coordinates equivalent to the 1927 position are 1° 34' 23.6" E, 52° 12' 3.8" N, placing the observatory in Haylings Grove, Leiston. The position accords with the name, Haylings, of the property.

The coordinates of Bennett's new location [81] after mid-1933 were 1° 34' 45.5" E, 52° 11' 58.3" N. The equivalent WGS84 co-ordinates are: 1° 34' 38.9 E, 52° 12' 0.0" N, and the location is just off Goldings Lane, Leiston. Again, the position accords with the name of the property, Goldings.

On the occasion of the move, Bennett undertook a thorough comparison of the horizons offered by the old and new observing sites [81, 90, 91], finding the latter much superior.

20160729_AEB_grave_JMA_6104.jpg Bennett's gravestone (James Appleton, 29 July 2016).

Decease

Bennett died on 14 May 1937 and the JBAA for June 1937 [98, 99] carried details of his passing. (Note that [100] incorrectly lists his date of death as 15 May.) The lawyers handling his estate sold his observatory and equipment [98]. His obituary appeared in the July 1937 JBAA [101]. The report of the Solar Section in the October 1937 JBAA [102] noted his passing. Subsequently, his daughter, Mrs Carr, presented a gift of £50 to the BAA as a token of her father's regard for the Association and as a memorial to his name [104]. At the November 1937 general meeting of the BAA, the Secretary, F J Sellers, read some titles of the 30 books which Bennett's executors had presented to the BAA [105]. Mrs Carr also presented a calculating machine to the Association [107].

The image to right shows his grave at St. Andrews Church, Aldringham, Suffolk.

Suffolk Record Office Holding GC14/2 (History of Astronomy)

Suffolk Record Office file GC14/B1/1 contains a letter from A F Bennett to Basil Brown and other material as follows:

  1. One envelope, addressed to Basil Brown, Rickinghall, Norfolk.
  2. One handwritten letter.
  3. Four photographs:
    1. A domed structure in a field,
    2. The eyepiece end of a telescope,
    3. A view of an astronomer using a telescope,
    4. An image of the Strasbourg Astronomical Clock.

Transcript of handwritten letter

Haylings,
Leiston,
Suffolk.
1927 Aug 22.

Dear Mr. Brown,

Thank you very much for your letter and the photo. Miss Cook told me of you and I had made a note of your location in the hope of being able to call round + see you one day, which I will certainly try to do in the near future - advising you beforehand.

Meantime, if you had an opportunity to come over to this corner of East Anglia I should be delighted to see you + show you my equipment. I am sending you 3 photos, one showing my observatory from the outside and the other two showing the 6 inch Cooke inside.

I can quite understand the difficulty you have in finding time enough to follow up your astronomical work. I am by no means a “leisured” man either and have always had the same difficulty. The cheering thing for us to remember is that it is precisely that sort of a man who has often done work for the science in the past, and if workers [three unclear words] the equipment it is still possible to do work that is really useful and helpful to Astronomy.

I have never photographed the Zodiacal light. In fact I have only tackled stellar photography so far.

I have two 21 inch focus aero type lenses mounted in cameras & strapped to the tube of the equatorial. (Not shown in the photos enclosed, by the way.) These give me a field of 9 or 10 degrees on a 5 inch x 4 inch plate and as the lenses work at f5.8 they are very rapid, and they give me very good images. Long exposures are of course necessary for stellar work (faint comets, nebulae, minor planets +c) so that an equatorial mount is essential. But fortunately nothing elaborate is needed: no doubt you have seen in a recent number of the B.A.A. journal an account by Mr. Collinson of Ipswich of his “Home Made” equatorial, on which he has done some really splendid photographic work. I am expecting a visit from him this week + if he has anything useful to say that seems calculated to help you I will write soon again. Mr. Hargreaves (Director of the Photographic Section, BAA) whose address is [unclear word], Woodland Way, Kingswood, Surrey, would I am sure be only too pleased to give you the fullest information about the probabilities of your camera for astro work if you wrote him - mention my name if you wish.

With kind regards

Yours v. truly

A F Bennett.

This file also contains a letter from Basil Brown to Dennis Fulcher (dated 23/4/57) stating that he is forwarding the above letter for his "History of Astronomy in Suffolk" project. This letter references the Strasbourg Astronomical Clock, which might explain the included photograph.

Notes and References

[1]

Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers.

[2]

Member of the Institution of Naval Architects.

[3]

"Candidates for Election as Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 32, no. 7, p. 287, 1922.

[4]

"New Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 32, no. 8, p. 327, 1922.

[5]

A F Bennett, "Transit of Mercury", JBAA, vol. 34, no. 7, p. 272-274, 1924.

[6]

Note that Bennett's observing report quotes event times in GMAT (Greenwich Mean Astronomical Time), 12 hours behind UT (Universal Time).

[7]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 25 February 1925, JBAA, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 145-154, 1925.

[8]

"Report of the Annual Meeting of the Association", 28 October 1925, JBAA, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 1-18, 1925.

[9]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 25 November 1925, JBAA, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 41-47, 1925.

[10]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 31 March 1926, JBAA, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 173-180, 1926.

[11]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 28 April 1926, JBAA, vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 217-218, 1926.

[12]

Dr W H Steavenson, "Two Recent Novae", JBAA, vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 241-243, 1926.

[13]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 30 June 1926, JBAA, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 269-277, 1926.

[14]

"Solar Section", JBAA, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 322-323, 1926.

[15]

"Eclipse Expeditions and Camps", JBAA, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 46-48, 1926.

[16]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 24 November 1926, JBAA, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 49-59, 1926.

[17]

"Eclipse Committee", JBAA, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 75-76, 1926.

[18]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 30 March 1927, JBAA, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 193-205, 1927.

[19]

"Eclipse Notices", JBAA, vol. 37, no. 6, p. 243, 1927.

[20]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 25 May 1927, JBAA, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 246-254, 1927.

[21]

"Solar Section", JBAA, vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 342-343, 1927.

[22]

"Photographic Section", JBAA, vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 348-350, 1927.

[23]

"Report of Annual General Meeting of the Association", 26 October 1927, JBAA, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1-20, 1927.

[24]

"Report of the Ordinary General Meeting of the Association", 30 November 1927, JBAA, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 53-60, 1927.

[25]

"Report of the Ordinary General Meeting of the Association", 25 January 1928, JBAA, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 109-117, 1928.

[26]

"Report of the Ordinary General Meeting of the Association", 29 February 1928, JBAA, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 133-141, 1928.

[27]

A M Newbegin, "The Total Solar Eclipse, 1927 June 29", JBAA, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 204-209, 1928.

[28]

"Solar Section", JBAA, vol. 38, no. 9, pp. 282-283, 1928.

[29]

"Report of Annual General Meeting of the Association", 31 October 1928, JBAA, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 1-19, 1928.

[30]

"Solar Section", JBAA, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 21-24, 1928.

[31]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 88, pp. 286-7, 1928.

[32]

A F Bennett, "Observation of the Transit of Mercury, 1927 November 10, at Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 88, pp. 486-487, 1928.

[33]

"Minutes of the Meeting of the Newly Elected Board of Directors of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 26 January 1929", PASP, vol. 41, pp. 75-77, 1929.

[34]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 27 February 1929, JBAA, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 137-142, 1929.

[35]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 27 March 1929, JBAA, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 173-178, 1929.

[36]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 29 May 1929, JBAA, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 231-237, 1929.

[37]

"Report of the Ordinary General Meeting of the Association", 26 June 1929, JBAA, vol. 39, no. 8, pp. 269-279, 1929.

[38]

"Solar Section", JBAA, vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 340-341, 1929.

[39]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 27 November 1929, JBAA, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 64-71, 1929.

[40]

A F Bennett, "A Spectroscopic Method of Determining the Times of Contact in the Case of a Solar Eclipse", JBAA, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 81-83, 1929.

[41]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 89, p. 355, 1929.

[42]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 01 January 1930, JBAA, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 97-111, 1930.

[43]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 26 March 1930, JBAA, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 185-197, 1930.

[44]

"Computing Section", JBAA, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 396-399, 1930.

[45]

"Report of Annual General Meeting of the Association", 29 October 1930, JBAA, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 1-17, 1930.

[46]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 90, p. 416, 1930.

[47]

"Report of the Meeting of the Association", 25 February 1931, JBAA, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 215-219, 1931.

[48]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 24 June 1931, JBAA, vol. 41, no. 9, pp. 399-403, 1931.

[49]

"Report of Annual General Meeting of the Association", 28 October 1931, JBAA, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 1-15, 1931.

[50]

"The Treasurer", JBAA, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 51, 1931.

[51]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 30 December 1931, JBAA, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 91-95, 1931.

[52]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 91, p. 368, 1931.

[53]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 24 February 1932, JBAA, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 163-165, 1932.

[54]

"Meteor Section", JBAA, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 206-210, 1932.

[55]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 27 April 1932, JBAA, vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 231-233, 1932.

[56]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 29 June 1932, JBAA, vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 315-321, 1932.

[57]

"Officers and Council", JBAA, vol. 43, no. 1, front matter, 1932.

[58]

"Candidates for Election as Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 36-37, 1932.

[59]

"Candidates for Election as Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 43, no. 2, p. 92, 1932.

[60]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 92, p. 299, 1932.

[61]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 25 January 1933, JBAA, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 143-148, 1933.

[62]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 22 February 1933, JBAA, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 183-187, 1933.

[63]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 29 March 1933, JBAA, vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 233-240, 1933.

[64]

"Candidates for Election as Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 43, no. 7, p. 313, 1933.

[65]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 28 June 1933 JBAA, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 355-361, 1933.

[66]

"Report of the Annual General Meeting of the Association", 25 October 1933, JBAA, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 1-16, 1933.

[67]

"BAA Forty-Fourth Session, 1933-34, Officers and Council, JBAA, vol. 44, no. 1, p. iii, 1933.

[68]

"Computing Section", JBAA, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 52-61, 1933.

[69]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 93, p. 265, 1933.

[70]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 27 December 1933 JBAA, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 93-96, 1934.

[71]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 31 January 1934 JBAA, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 133-138, 1934.

[72]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 28 February 1934 JBAA, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 173-177, 1934.

[73]

A F Bennett, "A 32-inch Reflector and its Mounting", JBAA, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 182-185, 1934.

[74]

"The Association Dinner", JBAA, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 278-279, 1934.

[75]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 30 May 1934 JBAA, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 289-294, 1934.

[76]

"Report of the General Meeting", 27 June 1934 JBAA, vol. 44, no. 9, pp. 325-330, 1934.

[77]

"The Ordinary General Meeting of the Association", 31 October 1934 JBAA, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 16-19, 1934.

[78]

"Officers and Council", JBAA, vol. 45, no. 1, p. 20, 1934.

[79]

"Candidates for Election as Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 51-53, 1934.

[80]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 28 November 1934 JBAA, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 55-67, 1934.

[81]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 94, p. 318, 1934.

[82]

"Computing Section", JBAA, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 104-113, 1935.

[83]

"Variable Star Section", JBAA, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 145-150, 1935.

[84]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 27 March 1935 JBAA, vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 223-232, 1935.

[85]

"The Association Dinner", JBAA, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 291-292, 1935.

[86]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 26 June 1935 JBAA, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 339-346, 1935.

[87]

"Candidates for Election as Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 383-384, 1935.

[88]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 27 November 1935 JBAA, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 57-63, 1935.

[89]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 95, pp. 378-9, 1935.

[90]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 25 March 1936 JBAA, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 217-226, 1936.

[91]

A F Bennett, "A Comparison of Observatory Sites", JBAA, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 229-230, 1936.

[92]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 29 April 1936 JBAA, vol. 46, no. 7, pp. 249-254, 1936.

[93]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 24 June 1936 JBAA, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 313-321, 1936.

[94]

"Candidates for Election as Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 47, no. 2, p. 94, 1936.

[95]

"Mr A F Bennett's Observatory, Leiston, Suffolk", MNRAS, vol. 96, p. 337, 1936.

[96]

"Candidates for Election as Members of the Association", JBAA, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 201-202, 1937.

[97]

"BAA Forty-Seventh Session, 1936-37, Officers and Council", JBAA, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. i, 1937.

[98]

"For Sale - The Observatory and Equipment of the Late A F Bennett of Leiston", JBAA, vol. 47, no. 8, pp. ii, 1937.

[99]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 26 May 1937 JBAA, vol. 47, no. 8, pp. 281-289, 1937.

[100]

"The Late A F Bennett", 26 May 1937 JBAA, vol. 47, no. 8, p. 309, 1937.

[101]

"Arthur Frederick Bennett", JBAA, vol. 47, no. 9, pp. 333-334, 1937.

[102]

"Solar Section", JBAA, vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 348-349, 1937.

[103]

"Computing Section", JBAA, vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 370-375, 1937.

[104]

"In Memory of the Late Mr A F Bennett", JBAA, vol. 48, no. 1, p. 45, 1937.

[105]

"Report of the General Meeting of the Association", 24 November 1937 JBAA, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 47-55, 1937.

[106]

"Computing Section", JBAA, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 199-203, 1938.

[107]

"Instruments Belonging to the Association", JBAA, vol. 48, no. 10, pp. 396-400, 1938.

[108]

"Computing Section", JBAA, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 30-33, 1938.

[109]

Ordnance Survey, "A Guide to Coordinate Systems in Great Britain", v1.6, May 2006.

[110]

Filed in a letter from Bennett to Basil Brown held by Suffolk Record Office, holding GC14/2 (history of Astronomy).


James Appleton, Bill Barton, FRAS